Third Man
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Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
The United States-Israeli war on Iran has exposed the vulnerability of critical water infrastructure in a region that is among the most water-scarce in the world.
Last week, Iran’s foreign minister accused the US of striking a desalination plant on Qeshm Island off the coast of Iran in the Strait of Hormuz.
The strike reportedly cut off the water supply to 30 villages. Just 24 hours later, Bahrain said an Iranian drone had caused material damage to one of its desalination plants near Muharraq.
The six Gulf states – Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates – are among the most water-scarce countries in the world and rely heavily on desalination to meet the needs of their combined populations, which exceed 62 million people.
The Gulf has no permanent riversIn this visual explainer, Al Jazeera unpacks how dependent the region is on desalination, how much water is produced each year and how various desalination processes work.
The Gulf states are deserts with no permanent rivers. While they lack rivers, they do have seasonal waterways called wadis, which carry water during rare rainfall.
These nations rely primarily on groundwater and desalination to supply water to their rapidly growing cities, industrial zones and agricultural areas.
7.2 trillion litres from desalinationThe map below shows the major rivers and waterways in areas surrounding the Gulf.
The Gulf countries produce roughly 40 percent of the world’s desalinated water, operating more than 400 desalination plants along their coasts.
The threshold the United Nations has set for absolute water scarcity is 500 cubic metres (655 cubic yards) per capita per year.
With an average per-capita share of natural freshwater of only 120 cubic metres (155 cubic yards) per year, therefore, Gulf countries rely heavily on desalination to fill the gap between supply and demand.
According to a 2023 report from the GCC Statistical Center, the six Gulf states produced 7.2 billion cubic metres, or 1.9 trillion gallons, of freshwater through desalination. This volume translates to about 122 cubic metres per capita per year, or about 334 litres (88 gallons) per day. However, their total installed capacity is much higher, estimated at 26.4 billion cubic metres annually.
One billion cubic metres is equivalent to one trillion litres.
The largest and most populous of the states – with 37 million inhabitants – is Saudi Arabia. It produced 3 billion cubic metres of desalinated water in 2023, followed by the UAE with 1.9 billion cubic metres, Kuwait with 0.8 billion cubic metres, Qatar with 0.7 billion cubic metres, Oman with 0.5 billion cubic metres and Bahrain with 0.3 billion cubic metres.
https://www.zerohedge.com/geopolitical/how-much-gulfs-water-comes-desalination-plants
Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
NOW: Missile launches from Iran towards central ‘Israel’.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
NOW: Iranian cluster submunition impact in Tel Aviv, looks like near a train station.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
Additional Iranian submunition impacts in the Gush dan area, in Tel Aviv region.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
Additional submunition impact in Petah Tikva, Tel Aviv region.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
Iranian submunition impact what looks like near or inside one of Tel Aviv’s municipalities. At least a dozen injuries in the impacts in Tel Aviv.
Additional(?) media from earlier.
Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
An maritime incident north of Sharjah, UAE. Initial reports suggest a Bulk Carrier was struck causing for an explosion, but it’s still unclear, according to the UKMTO.
Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
1 Turkish military officer & 2 Turkish technicians died in the Qatari helicopter crash.
Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
Iran has published satellite images of its missile/drone impacts on US assets in the region, specifically in UAE.
Fuel storage pumping station at the port of Fujairah seems to be damaged.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
Iran destroyed an AN/FPS-117 early-warning radar site in northeastern Saudi Arabia, near Rafha / Al-Qaysumah.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
Iran also struck the backup data center of the US army in Rahbah & Abu Dhabi, UAE.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
Iran also struck the US military fuel supply lines in the Asaluyeh refinery, UAE.
From Arya Yadeghaar:
Satellite images also show hits on fuel storage tanks & pumping stations at the Asaluyeh refinery, in the UAE
Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
From Middle East Observer:
⚡️⭕️ The sound of the fragmentation warheads impacting on the ground in central occupied Palestine
From Middle East Observer:
⚡️ Israeli firefighting:
Our teams are heading to several fall sites in the central region after the launch of missiles from Iran
Third Man
In memoriam of Alberto Mariantoni († October 2012), A. James Gregor († August 30, 2019), Filippo Giannini († March 3, 2015). The forbearing has always the last word.
From Middle East Observer:
⚡️⭕️ There was an impacr in Ashkelon, zero details on what was hit